The Pharmacology of pro- and prebiotics: the time is now

We contain more bacteria than cells. Actually, there are far more bacteria than cells. We have bacteria on our skin and inside our body (1). In this respect, human beings can be seen as super-organisms, i.e. a symbiotic co-existence of microbes, fungi, virus, and human cells. There is indeed greater inter-individual variation in the microbiome (or metagenome, that is, the collection of all genomes present in the gut microbiota) than in the human genome. Why did we co-evolve with microbes?

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